Tuxedo Urchin

The Tuxedo Urchin (Mespilia globulus) is a vibrant marine invertebrate renowned for its algae-grazing abilities and distinctive appearance. Its unique coloration and beneficial role in maintaining aquarium cleanliness make it a popular choice among reef aquarists.

Essential Information:

• Common Names: Tuxedo Urchin, Tuxedo Sea Urchin
• Scientific Name: Mespilia globulus
• Family: Temnopleuridae
• Origin/Habitat: Native to the Indo-Pacific region, commonly found in shallow reef environments.
• Maximum Size: Approximately 3 inches (7–8 cm) in diameter when fully grown; in aquariums, they often average around 2 inches (5 cm).
• Lifespan: In captivity, they can live up to 3 years, with an average lifespan of 1–2 years.
• Level of Difficulty: Easy; suitable for aquarists of all experience levels.
• Reef Safe: Yes; they are considered reef-safe and beneficial for algae control.

Appearance & Physical Traits:

• Coloration & Pattern: Features a thick, conical shell with coloration ranging from creamy-white with reddish-brown patches to purplish, greenish, or brown hues. The shell consists of up to 10 whorls spiraling around the central axis.
• Body Shape & Structure: The shell has a distinctive conical shape with a sharp point and flat base, setting it apart from other snail species.

Habitat & Environmental Needs:

• Minimum Tank Size: A minimum of 10 gallons (38 liters) is recommended per snail to ensure adequate food supply and space.
• Water Temperature: Ideal range is between 74–79°F (23–26°C).
• pH Level: Maintain a pH between 8.1 and 8.4.
• Specific Gravity: Optimal specific gravity ranges from 1.023 to 1.025.
• Aquascape: Provide ample live rock and sandy substrate to offer grazing surfaces and hiding spots. Ensure the tank is well-established with sufficient algae growth to support their dietary needs.

Diet & Feeding:

• Diet Type: Herbivorous grazer
• Preferred Foods: Primarily consumes various forms of algae, including diatoms, film algae, and cyanobacteria. In well-established tanks, they often find enough natural food sources. If algae levels are low, supplementation with algae wafers or blanched vegetables can be provided.
• Feeding Frequency: Generally self-sufficient in established tanks; monitor their condition and supplement as needed.

Behavior & Compatibility:

• Temperament: Peaceful and non-aggressive
• Social Behavior: Solitary; does not require companions but can coexist with other peaceful tank inhabitants.
• Tank Mate Compatibility: Compatible with most reef-safe fish and invertebrates. Avoid housing with predatory species that may harm them.
• Activity Level: Primarily nocturnal but may also be active during daylight hours.

Care Considerations & Additional Notes:

• Ease of Care: Hardy and adaptable, making them suitable for beginners. They can right themselves if overturned, a trait not common in all snail species.
• Special Requirements: Ensure stable water parameters and avoid sudden changes in salinity or temperature. Acclimate slowly when introducing to a new tank to prevent shock.
• Breeding Info: Breeding in captivity is uncommon but possible. They are broadcast spawners, releasing eggs and sperm into the water column. Successful breeding may require specific conditions, such as water quality and the presence of both sexes.
• Additional Notes: Regular monitoring of water quality is essential. Ensure there is sufficient algae growth to support their dietary needs, or be prepared to provide supplemental feeding.